Clinician health advisory: Diphtheria booster vaccination campaign

Australia is facing its largest diphtheria outbreak on record, with most cases occurring in regional and remote communities across the Northern Territory, Western Australia and South Australia. While no cases have been detected in Victoria, health authorities are urging proactive prevention as a small risk of importation remains.

Diphtheria is a serious bacterial infection that can cause severe illness and death, and strong protection relies on multiple vaccine doses and timely boosters. In response to the national situation, the Victorian Department of Health has expanded eligibility for free diphtheria‑containing booster vaccines (Boostrix®).

Health professionals are encouraged to review their patients’ vaccination status and offer a free booster to those who qualify. Travellers heading to higher‑risk regions for work or extended stays should also check whether they are up to date, particularly if they have not received a diphtheria vaccine in the past five years. Some travellers may be eligible for a free dose.

For the latest list of higher‑risk areas, visit the Australian Centre for Disease Control’s diphtheria page.

Read the full Chief Health Officer Advisory here.